Banned Words & Stylistic Techniques w/ Examples

 BANNED WORDS:

come /comes/coming/came

go /goes/going/went/gone/gonna

give /gives/giving/given/gave

get /gets/getting/got/gotten

see /sees/seeing/seen/saw

say /says/saying/said

eat /eats/eating/eaten/ate

look / looks / looking /looked

big /bigger/biggest

pretty /prettier/prettiest/prettily

nice /nicer/nicest/nicely

like /likes/liked /liking

DRESS UPs:

w/w = who or which clause

bc = because

ly = ly adverb

www asia = when while where as since if although

QA = quality adjective

SV = strong verb

OPENERs:

(1) Because

(2) Prepositional (prep)

(3) ly adverb (ly)

(4) ing

(5) www asia

(6) very short sentence (vss)

(7) ed

OPENER Examples:

(1) Because the forecast called for rain, I took my umbrella.

(2) Under the leafy branches of an old oak tree, we found the perfect place for our picnic.

(3) Silently, the cat stalks its prey.

(4) Embracing his mom, the boy told her he was happy she was home.

(5) When the clock struck twelve, the carriage turned back into a pumpkin.

(5) While the teacher taught the lesson, the students remained attentive.

(5) Where there is smoke, there is fire.

(5) As the campfire was lit, the children ran to find the marshmallows, chocolate, and graham crackers.

(5) Since the last rehearsal, the understudy has been perfecting his lines just in case he has to take the stage.

(5) If anyone knocks on the door, be sure to call a parent to answer it.

(5) Although the Bible was the more difficult King James version, the little boy read it every day.

(6) Never swim alone.

(7) Excited about attending Mass, the child bounded out of bed on Sunday morning.

DECORATIONs (DECs):

(D-MET) metaphor

( D-SIM) simile

(D-ALLIT) alliteration

(D-ASON) assonance

(D-Q) Question

(D-QUO) Quotation

(D-vss) vss T/C

(D-4) Foreign lang. phrase

(D-LIT) Literary Allusion/Reference

(D-HIS) Historical Allusion/Reference

(D-AMD) Art, Music, Dance Allusion/Reference

(D-IDIOM) Idiom

(D-ANALOGY) Analogy

M3 Examples:

(M3-adj) Repeating adjectives

(M3-ly) Repeating ly(s) adverbs

(M3-7) Repeating (7)s

(M3-vb) Repeating verbs

(M3-4) Repeating (4)s

(M3-n) Repeating nouns

(M3 intj) Repeating interjections

(M3-o) Repeating onomatopoeias

(M3 vss) Short staccato sentences

M3 Examples:

(M3-adj) The rolling, tumbling, cascading river took him, and he worked hard to stay afloat. (This could also be indicated as M3-ing)

(M3-adj) The sky was a beautiful, bright, blue dome dotted with fluffy white clouds.

(This could also be indicated as an ALLIT)

(M3-ly) My dance teacher told me to move gracefully, confidently, and joyfully.

(M3-7) Amused, charmed, and pleased by the birthday riddle, my uncle chortled in his joy.

(M3-7) Frustrated, frightened, and tired, the child hid under his bed and cried.

(M3-vb) He walked across the bridge, looked out over the edge, and smiled with happiness.

(M3-4) Standing, balancing, and grinning, my ten month old brother gleefully reached for my outstretched hands.

(M3-n) The boys visited shelters, orphanages, and retirement homes in their mission to bring Christmas joy to those who might be lonely.

(M3-n) She won the accolades of her peers, the admiration of her siblings, and the approval of her parents when her book hit the bestseller list. (noun phrases)

(M3-intj) And just like that . . . pow, zap, bang, she disappeared in a cloud of smoke. This could also be indicated as (M3-o)

(M3-intj) What? Yikes! No! When I opened the door, an avalanche of shoes poured down from the mountain of footwear in his closet.

(M3-o) He heard the logs on the fire sizzle, crack, and pop as they warmed the room that cold winter day.

(M3 vss) Rain pounded on the windows. Thunder violently boomed and crashed. Lightning streaked the sky.

OWLs

• Anaphora: Repeats a word or phrase at the start of every line or passage. (I Have a Dream - MLK)

• Anthimeria: Uses one part of speech in place of another. BEWARE! It can easily become silly and is often overused.

• Antiphrasis: uses a word with an opposite meaning for ironic or humorous effect. "We named our chihuahua Goliath."

• Appositive: places a noun or noun phrase next to another noun for descriptive purposes.

• Chiasmus: reverses of the order of words in the second of two parallel phrases or sentences. A chiasmus reverses grammatical structure, not necessarily w/ the exact same words.

* Antimetabole: reverses the EXACT SAME words in the sentence

• Epanalepsis: repeats a similar grouping of words at the beginning of a sentence and at the end. The repeated words act as "bookends.

• Epistrophe (AKA: Epiphora): repeats ending words (Gettysburg Address)

• Epizeuxis: repeats one word for emphasis

• Hyperbole: greatly exaggerates something for emphasis

• Metanoia: corrects or qualifies a statement to strengthen it or soften it in some way.

• Personification: is figurative.

It projects characteristics that normally belong only to humans onto inanimate objects, animals, deities, or forces of nature. Personification is figurative.

• Anthropomorphism is literal.

With anthropomorphism the non-human entities actually do human things. (Thomas the Tank Engine, Winnie the Pooh, Peter Rabbit)

Formatting Basics

TITLE BLOCK FORMATTING

Merriweather 12

1.15 spacing

Centered

Title Bolded

"by" goes directly under the title--> use lower case & do NOT bold

Name goes directly under the "by" & do NOT bold

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ESSAY FORMATTING

Merriweather 12

Double Spaced

Indent 

No extra space between paragraphs

Standard 1" margins

INDICATIONS

BUILDING BLOCKs:
bold and underline the dress up word. See below

SENTENCE STARTERs, ENHANCEMENTs, M3s, P2s, OWLS:

All these other stylistic techniques should be indicated before the sentence.

Place the appropriate bolded number, abbreviation, or word inside  bolded parenthesis and highlight in yellow. See below

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REMEMBER: BUILDING BLOCKss are indicated by bolding and underlining the BUILDING BLOCK word

Indication examples:

The teacher who is wearing the red sweater, is very strict.

The dog never jumped on the couch because he was well-trained.

Snow fell as the skiers slalomed down the mountain.

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REMEMBER: SENTENCE STARTERs are indicated by placing the appropriate bolded number, abbreviation, or word inside  bolded parenthesis and highlight in yellow.  

SS indication examples:

(1) Because the thunder boomed, she jumped in fright.

(4) Lifting the little boy's hand, the nurse checked his scraped finger.

(7) Annoyed by the neighbor's rude behavior, my sister stomped her foot in frustration.

(6) The ovation pleased the actors.

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CLASSROOM DOC --> NAME & DATE STAMP FORMATTING

Merriweather 11 or 12

1.15 spacing

top left

1st Line:  Name

2nd Line: Date 

3rd Line: Class name and day

4th Line: (Label it): CLASSWORK

CLASS WORK EXAMPLE:

Elizabeth Watson

2-22-23

HARVARD WM Monday

CLASS WORK / Timed Writing

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